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What is industrial AutomationIndustrial? Automation can be a technique where we make pay human control to machines. In industrial automation machines are designed to accomplish the tasks which people employed to achieve. Why it is done? Because of its advantages: Through Industrial automation we're able to do mass production with less manpower Quality of the technique is increased Safety of individual & equipment is increased More accurate process control Since human intervention is less so reliability of the system is higher Systems operate is low power source, more electronic control so equipment life's higher Changes in process logic becomes easier since logics are changed mostly through softwarePrincipal Industrial Automation MNCs L & T ? ALSTOM Schneider ? FESTO Siemens ? Fuji Electric Allen Bradley ? Toshiba Messung ? TATA Honeywell Modicon ? Omron Mitsubishi ? Fanuc Asia Automation ? DeltaHow? industrial automation control system Evolved?Initially automation was achieved through manual control, operators utilized to control the task at each step. Human intervention was there at each step. Drawbacks were low quality output, errors involved in human involvement affected compromised safety, wastage of raw material, and accuracy of human action.Then came Pneumatic Control: Industrial automation with this era was achieved through invention of pneumatic controllers noisy . 1920s. Automation was achieved by controlling air to pneumatic valves, which experts claim were actually switched on/off by relays and switches. They were very bulky and changing with the logic was very complex procedure since a great deal of rework was needed to accomplish alternation in logic. So https://anotepad.com/notes/75yy8j4k delivered to complete task changes was very highHard wired logic control: contactors, relays (for switching), timers and counters (for timing and counting) were utilised for achieving desired industrial automation. But these systems also resulted into bulky panels. A lot of wiring was involved so time taken up complete task was higher. Defect investigation & troubleshooting was complex.Electronic Control using Logic Gates: In early 60s electronics dominated the process, electronic logic gates were utilized for achieving logical operations. they replaced switching devices like relays and contactors inside control circuits. Electronic times & counters replaced mechanical timers & counters. Due to using electronics space and requirements reduced, maintenance requirement reduced & systems were more reliable.